Article 13 of the royal decree 1728/1938 declared that public entities were not allowed to have Jewish employees on their staff. This led all municipalities in the Kingdom of Italy to relieve Jewish personnel of their duties within three months from when the law went into effect. This article adopts a new research perspective by analyzing the bureaucratic-administrative procedure and internal dynamics as performed by the administrative council of Milan, as well as the profiles of the employees in question. Starting in mid-December 1938, for racially-charged reasons, the local Milan government let go of twenty-six staff members; two of whom were recognized as not belonging to the "Jewish race"and could resume work, while the others experienced persecution. The pool was varied and thought-provoking: clerks, engineers, doctors, pharmacists, teachers, firefighters, secretaries, attendants and construction workers. After the Nazi occupation of the city, some chose to flee the country, while the majority stayed in Italy and hid in order to evade arrest. Four of them were deported to Auschwitz, where they ended up dying. At the end of the war, only six were to resume their jobs in the municipality.
L’articolo 13 del Regio decreto legge 1728/1938 prevedeva che le amministrazioni pubbliche non potessero avere alle proprie dipendenze persone di “razza ebraica”. Ciò costrinse i comu- ni di tutto il Regno a dispensare dal servizio i dipendenti ebrei entro tre mesi dalla data di en- trata in vigore del decreto. Questo saggio, intende aprire una nuova prospettiva di ricerca, analizzando sia l’iter burocratico-amministrativo e le dinamiche interne all’amministrazione comunale di Milano, sia i profili dei dipendenti comunali. A partire dalla metà di dicembre 1938, l’Amministrazione comunale milanese licenziò, per motivi razziali, ventisei dipendenti; due di loro vennero riconosciuti non appartenenti alla “razza ebraica” e poterono riprendere il lavoro, gli altri subirono la persecuzione. Si trattava di figure variegate e interessanti: sempli- ci impiegati, ingegneri, medici, farmacisti, insegnanti, vigili del fuoco, segretarie, inservienti e operai. Dopo l’occupazione nazista della città, alcuni scelsero di fuggire all’estero, la mag- gioranza rimase, invece, in Italia, nascondendosi per non essere arrestata. In quattro vennero deportati ad Auschwitz, dove morirono. Alla fine della guerra solamente sei ripresero il posto di lavoro presso il Comune.
Esoneri e dispense al Comune di Milano : La persecuzione antiebraica nei confronti dei dipendenti dell'Amministrazione comunale
E. Edallo
2020-01-01
Abstract
Article 13 of the royal decree 1728/1938 declared that public entities were not allowed to have Jewish employees on their staff. This led all municipalities in the Kingdom of Italy to relieve Jewish personnel of their duties within three months from when the law went into effect. This article adopts a new research perspective by analyzing the bureaucratic-administrative procedure and internal dynamics as performed by the administrative council of Milan, as well as the profiles of the employees in question. Starting in mid-December 1938, for racially-charged reasons, the local Milan government let go of twenty-six staff members; two of whom were recognized as not belonging to the "Jewish race"and could resume work, while the others experienced persecution. The pool was varied and thought-provoking: clerks, engineers, doctors, pharmacists, teachers, firefighters, secretaries, attendants and construction workers. After the Nazi occupation of the city, some chose to flee the country, while the majority stayed in Italy and hid in order to evade arrest. Four of them were deported to Auschwitz, where they ended up dying. At the end of the war, only six were to resume their jobs in the municipality.I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.
